PATTERNS
129 core English patterns
Essential English grammar grouped by category. Open any pattern to see real sentences written by learners — with AI feedback.
Foundations
Subject + verb, be, and have — the backbone of English
Subject > Action(do)
/subject-verb
Subject > State(be) > Adjective/Noun
/be-adjective
Subject > State(be) > Ongoing state
/be-ing
Subject > State(be) > Passive state(P.P)
/be-passive
Subject > State(be) > Preposition
/be-preposition
Subject > Experience emphasis(have) > Action(do)
/have-pp
Subject > Experience emphasis(have) > State(been)
/have-been
Subject > Possibility > Action(do)
/modal-verb
Subject > Possibility > State(be) > Adjective/Noun
/modal-be-adjective
Subject > Possibility > State(be) > Ongoing state
/modal-be-ing
Subject > Possibility > State(be) > Passive state(P.P)
/modal-be-passive
Subject > Possibility > State(be) > Preposition
/modal-be-preposition
Subject > Possibility > Experience emphasis(have) > Action(do)
/modal-have-pp
Subject > Possibility > Experience emphasis(have) > State(been)
/modal-have-been
Negations
do not, be not, have not — how to say no in English
Subject > do/does > not > Action(do)
/do-not
Subject > State(be) > not > Adjective/Noun
/be-not-adjective
Subject > State(be) > not > Ongoing state
/be-not-ing
Subject > State(be) > not > Passive state(P.P)
/be-not-passive
Subject > State(be) > not > Preposition
/be-not-preposition
Subject > Experience emphasis(have) > not > Action(P.P)
/have-not-pp
Subject > Experience emphasis(have) > not > State(Been)
/have-not-been
Subject > Possibility > not > Action(do)
/modal-not-do
Subject > Possibility > not > State(be) > Adjective/Noun
/modal-not-be-adjective
Subject > Possibility > not > State(be) > Ongoing state
/modal-not-be-ing
Subject > Possibility > not > State(be) > Passive state(P.P)
/modal-not-be-passive
Subject > Possibility > not > State(be) > Preposition
/modal-not-be-preposition
Subject > Possibility > not > Experience emphasis(have) > Action(P.P)
/modal-not-have-pp
Subject > Possibility > not > Experience emphasis(have) > State(Been)
/modal-not-have-been
Past tense
did, was, were, had — talking about the past
Subject > Action(did)
/did
Subject > State(was/were) > Adjective/Noun
/was-were-adjective
Subject > State(was/were) > Ongoing state
/was-were-ing
Subject > State(was/were) > Passive state(P.P)
/was-were-passive
Subject > State(was/were) > Preposition
/was-were-preposition
Subject > Experience emphasis(had) > Action(do)
/had-pp
Subject > Experience emphasis(had) > State(been)
/had-been
Questions
Question forms with Do / Be / Have / Modal
Subject > Action(did) > not > Action(do)
/do-does-question
Subject > State(was/were) > not > Adjective/Noun
/be-question
Subject > State(was/were) > not > Ongoing state
/have-question
Subject > State(was/were) > not > Passive state(P.P)
/modal-question
Subject > State(was/were) > not > Preposition
/did-question
Subject > Experience emphasis(had) > not > Action(do)
/was-were-question
Subject > Experience emphasis(had) > not > State(been)
/had-question
Do/Does > Subject > Action(do)
/wh-do
State(be) > Subject > Adjective/Noun
/wh-be
State(be) > Subject > Ongoing state
/wh-have
State(be) > Subject > Passive state(P.P)
/wh-modal
State(be) > Subject > Preposition
/wh-did
Experience emphasis(have) > Subject > Action(P.P)
/wh-was-were
Experience emphasis(have) > Subject > State(Been)
/wh-had
Did > Subject > Action(do)
/did-not
State(was/were) > Subject > Ongoing state
/was-were-not-adjective
Wh- questions
Asking with what, when, where, why, who, how
Extended patterns
Emphasis, conditionals, subjunctive — one level deeper
Did > not > Subject > Action(do)
/did-emphasis
State(was/were) > not > Subject > Adjective/Noun
/was-were-emphasis
State(was/were) > not > Subject > Preposition
/was-were-not-question
Experience emphasis(had) > not > Subject > Action(P.P)
/had-emphasis
Possibility > Subject > State(be) > Adjective/Noun
/modal-emphasis
Possibility > not > Subject > State(be) > Adjective/Noun
/modal-passive
Possibility > not > Subject > Experience emphasis(have) > Action(do)
/modal-conditional
Possibility > not > Subject > Experience emphasis(have) > State(been)
/modal-perfect
State(be) > Passive state(P.P)
/state-adjective-comparison
Subject > State(be) > Ongoing state(being) > Passive state(P.P)
/being-pp-passive
Using get instead of be
/get-passive
Subject > Verb > Adjective
/subject-verb-adjective
Ask questions with questions in the subject space
/wh-as-subject
Using two auxiliary verbs
/double-modal
Subjunctive mood
/subjunctive-mood
Emphasize by changing the word order
/word-order-emphasis
Relatives & to-infinitive
Relative pronouns/adverbs, that-clauses, and to-infinitive
relative pronoun
/relative-pronoun
relative pronoun omitted
/relative-pronoun-omission
Relative adverbs - What
/relative-adverb-what
Relative adverbs - How
/relative-adverb-how
Relative adverbs - Why
/relative-adverb-why
Relative adverbs - When
/relative-adverb-when
Relative adverbs - Where
/relative-adverb-where
Relative adverbs - Who
/relative-adverb-who
that clause
/that-clause
everything about TO
/to-infinitive
Prepositions
From in / on / at to despite and against — place, direction, time
on
/preposition-on
at
/preposition-at
in
/preposition-in
for
/preposition-for
by
/preposition-by
with
/preposition-with
without
/preposition-without
of
/preposition-of
in front of
/preposition-in-front-of
behind
/preposition-behind
under
/preposition-under
over
/preposition-over
above
/preposition-above
below
/preposition-below
between
/preposition-between
among
/preposition-among
around
/preposition-around
through
/preposition-through
across
/preposition-across
into
/preposition-into
out of
/preposition-out-of
along
/preposition-along
near
/preposition-near
inside
/preposition-inside
outside
/preposition-outside
beside
/preposition-beside
next to
/preposition-next-to
beneath
/preposition-beneath
onto
/preposition-onto
about
/preposition-about
despite
/preposition-despite
except
/preposition-except
like
/preposition-like
from
/preposition-from
since
/preposition-since
until
/preposition-until
up
/preposition-up
down
/preposition-down
toward
/preposition-toward
past
/preposition-past
beyond
/preposition-beyond
within
/preposition-within
against
/preposition-against
before
/preposition-before
after
/preposition-after
during
/preposition-during
off
/preposition-off
as
/preposition-as
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